Where do the current theories of modern economics come from? If current theories had a definite historical beginning, what schools of thought did they supplant? Are there alternative or dissident views which subsisted alongside mainstream economics in the twentieth century — and if so, what are they and where did they originate from? This course seeks to answer these questions, as well as others. In doing so, it provides an overview of the development of economic theories — notably the theories of value and distribution, and theories of output and growth — from the seventeenth century to the twentieth century.