The Measure of India is the third in the sequence of Understanding India courses. The course is designed along the principle that a sound grasp over quantitative and scientific methods is essential to engage with important contemporary issues and policy decisions related to India. Discussions around climate change, public health, unemployment, demographic shifts, income and spending, biodiversity, education, and various other critical issues are often framed around data, modelling and other forms of quantitative evidence and arguments. The course aims to provide both the foundations of quantitative reasoning, and a context in which these foundations can be seen as invaluable for a student in a liberal studies programme with an emphasis on social and political engagement. Building on from the first two courses of the UI sequence, UI3 takes the developmental trajectory of India as its starting point, examining the central role of statistics in the economic planning of independent India and then focusing on three particular aspects of development: (i) income, spending and employment, (ii) public health, and (iii) ecology and environment. The quantitative concepts are interwoven through the topics, with the same ideas revisited and built upon in different units.