Like all sciences, physics seeks to develop consistent models of the world around us. These models of reality have evolved continuously with each new discovery and the history of physics is full of such paradigm-shifting experiments. Many of these experiments can be performed in the undergraduate laboratory. 

In this course, students perform some of these experiments, especially those that are related to one of the fundamental ideas of modern physics, namely, the discrete nature of matter in the form of atomic and subatomic particles. Brownian motion, visible spectroscopy, e/​m of electrons and nuclear decay are among the experiments performed in this course.